Oudh (also spelled "oud" or "agarwood") is a fragrant resin that comes from the heartwood of the Aquilaria tree. This tree grows primarily in Southeast Asia, and when it becomes infected with a specific mold, it produces this highly aromatic resin as a defense mechanism. The resin, once harvested and distilled, becomes oud—a precious and intensely aromatic substance used extensively in perfumes, incense, and even traditional medicines.
The fragrance of oud is rich, complex, and woody, with a wide range of nuances, which may include:
- Woody and smoky undertones.
- Earthy, spicy, and sometimes leathery notes.
- Sweet, floral, or balsamic qualities, depending on how the oud is processed.
Because of its rarity and the labor-intensive process of harvesting and distilling it, oud is considered one of the most luxurious and expensive ingredients in the fragrance world. In the Middle East, oud is not only used in perfumes but also in cultural and religious rituals, as its smoky scent is believed to have a purifying and calming effect.
There are many varieties of oud, each with its own distinctive scent, ranging from more light and floral to dark and resinous. Depending on the region or brand, you can find oud in different concentrations and combinations with other notes, like rose, saffron, amber, and spices.